library ad infinitum

the republic of letters & the storm called progress 
« Back to blog

the novel dies a thousand deaths

My friend Kristin Parker is the archivist for Boston's Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. Recently she shared this snippet of a letter Gardner received from novelist F. Marion Crawford, August 23, 1896:

The old fashioned novel is really dead, and nothing can revive it nor make anybody care for it again. What is to follow it?...A clever German who is here suggested to me last night that the literature of the future might turn out to be the daily exchange of ideas of men of genius—over the everlasting telephone of course—published every morning for the whole world....


There are a couple of ways to look at this rich quote. In the first, Crawford's vision is prophetic, if hasty. The nascent, steampunk, fin-de-siècle telephone network took a century to evolve into an internet. The struggle now is to comprehend and accommodate a daily exchange of ideas not among "men of genius," but among everyone with a connection.

But another way to spin this is to recognize the apocalyptic mode for what it is: not a harbinger, but a self-renewing mode of modern consciousness. The telephone didn't kill the novel; neither did radio, television, or rock 'n' roll. Yesterday, Barnes and Noble announced that its own ebook reader, the nook, will connect using the AT&T wireless network—the evanescent digitized great-grandchild of Ma Bell (who was still in utero in Crawford and Gardner's time).

I like to think the two perspectives aren't contradictory. Eras end, media grow old, new modes of consciousness emerge. And so human life is enriched.

Comments (10)

Oct 21, 2009
John Miedema said...
A good quote and perspective on it. I found two books called "The Lost Art of Reading". Both authors felt reading was vanishing because of the fast pace of modern society. One was published in 1902, another in 1903.
Oct 21, 2009
Matthew Battles said...
I'm clicking over to Google Books right now...
Oct 21, 2009
John Miedema said...
Date correction. The Lee book of 1907, and the Nicoll book of 1904. Both in Google Books.
Oct 21, 2009
Tim said...
I absolutely believe this -- so much so that I wrote my dissertation about it! The newspaper, the postcard, the file cabinet, the phonograph, the cinema, ticker-tape, radio, and television all posed, in their own way, MUCH more serious challenges to the continued existence of the book, the novel, highbrow academic discourse, and literature than ANY of the technologies we're anxious about today. Even cheap pulp paper (and the books that it enabled) tore literary culture apart from the inside. We're just (but what a "just"!) playing out that string.

See also Virginia Woolf, "Are Too Many Books Written and Published?"

Oct 22, 2009
mostmodernist said...
HA! They never expected the daily exchange of semi-literate twittering from everybody on earth...
Oct 22, 2009
Matthew Battles said...
Tim, I love that Woolf quote—like Crawford's it's prescient/anti-prescient. In a sense, Woolf was anticipating the mass-market paperback, which in turn might offer a worthy model for rights management in the ebooks sphere. Some kinds of etexts maybe should degrade over time, and prompt you to replace them if they're becoming unreadable. And they carry that decay algorithm with them as they're copied. Don't know if that's possible from the point of view of code (but what isn't possible from the point of view of code?). Or if it's desirable, of course. But it's a compelling scenario to riff on, yes?
Oct 22, 2009
Timothy Carmody said...
Yes, planned obsolescence! Like Ezra Pound's stamp scrip. Imagine "renting" an ebook for a month, or year...
Oct 22, 2009
Matthew Battles said...
...right, and you can share it freely. Only everyone who gets a copy needs to decide at some point whether to re-up the license. I'm not necessarily endorsing the notion, mind you! It would be interesting to try as an experiment, though...
Oct 22, 2009
Tim said...
Or -- you make the book available on a website, maybe ad-supported, for three months (or six months, etc.). After that, the book is printed, and the only way you can access it is to buy a permanent individual/institutional copy (whether print or digital).

This would allow newly published books to circulate, build an audience, influence the public discourse, and at the same time winnow the number of books (especially physical books) that wind up being kept forever.

Leave a comment...

 
Got an account with one of these? Login here, or just enter your comment below.
Posterous-login    Connect    twitter